381411 Results for: "single-use assemblies"

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components. This process is negatively regulated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) through phosphorylation of autophagy protein APG1. ATG16, another member of the autophagy protein family, forms a complex with the ATG5-ATG12 conjugate. This multimeric protein has been shown to be essential for autophagosome formation in both yeast and mammals and targets the ATG5-ATG12 complex to the autophagic isolation membrane during the formation of the autophagosome. Because mammalian ATG16 has seven WD-repeats in its C-terminal domain, it has been suggested that these may form a platform for further protein-protein interactions. Multiple isoforms of ATG16 are known to exist.

Supplier: Prosci

BAFF is mainly produced by innate immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, follicular dendritic cells. T cells, activated B cells, some malignant B cells and also non-lymphoid cells like astrocytes, synoviocytes and epithelial cells can also produce BAFF. BAFF binds three distinct receptors (BAFF-R, TACI and BCMA) expressed predominantly on B cells, although activated T cells also express BAFF-R. BAFF is a master regulator of peripheral B cell survival, and together with IL-6, promotes Ig class-switching and plasma cell differentiation . Besides its major role in B cell biology, BAFF co-stimulates activated T cells. Deregulated expression of BAFF leads to autoimmune disorders in mice. In humans, elevated levels of soluble BAFF have been detected in the serum of patients with various autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren’s syndrome , Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) , Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) . BAFF is also increased levels in some lymphoid cancers.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: Prosci

The TIM (T cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin and mucin) family plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, including allergy, asthma, transplant tolerance, autoimmunity and the response to viral infections. The unique structure of TIM immunoglobulin variable region domains allows highly specific recognition of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells. Tim-3, a type I transmembrane protein, contains an immunoglobulin and a mucin-like domain in its extracellular portion and a tyrosine phosphorylation motif in its cytoplasmic portion. TIM-3 is preferentially expressed on Th1 and Tc1 cells, and generates an inhibitory signal resulting in apoptosis of Th1 and Tc1 cells. TIM-3 is also expressed on some dendritic cells and can mediate phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cross-presentation of antigen. Tim-3 functions to inhibit aggressive Th1-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses. Tim-3 pathway blockade by administration of Tim-3:Fc fusion protein accelerated diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice, caused hyperproliferation of Th1 cells and Th1 cytokine release in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model and prevented acquisition of transplantation tolerance induced by costimulation blockade.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: Prosci

The TNF family ligand ectodysplasin A (EDA) and its receptor EDAR are required for proper development of skin appendages such as hair, teeth and eccrine sweat glands. Loss of function mutations in the Eda gene cause X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED), a condition that can be ameliorated in mice and dogs by timely administration of recombinant EDA. The Eda gene on the X chromosome is transcribed as multiple splice variants, only two of which code for the receptor-binding C-terminal TNF homology domain. These two variants code for 391- and 389-amino acid-long proteins called EDA1 and EDA2. EDA1 binds EDAR, whereas EDA2 binds to another receptor, XEDAR. The biology of EDA2 and XEDAR is distinct from that of EDA1. Indeed, XEDAR-deficient mice have no obvious ectodermal dysplasia phenotype, whereas mice deficient in EDA, EDAR, or the signaling adaptor protein EDARADD all display virtually indistinguishable ectodermal dysplasia phenotypes, indicating the predominance of the EDA1-EDAR axis in the development of skin-derived appendages.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is produced at mucosal surfaces, primarily the upper respiratory tract and is thought to play an important role in the antiprotease defense mechanism of the lung. SLPI forms inhibitory complexes with numerous proteolytic enzymes such as neutrophil elastase, and has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and antibacterial activities. Its expression in oral epithelial cells is stimulated by HIV-1 gp120, suggesting that SLPI is a component of the oral mucosal response to HIV-1. In peripheral blood monocytes, SLPI can inhibit NF-kB activation by inhibiting IkB degradation in the cytoplasm and competing for NF-kB binding sites in the nucleus. This attenuation of the inflammatory response may also act to suppress liver metastases and other cancer cell invasions, but promote blood-borne metastasis via an invasion-independent pathway.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factors (TRAFs) were initially discovered as adaptor proteins that link the TNF receptor superfamily to signaling pathways and are thus important regulators of cell death and cellular response to stress. TRAF proteins share a homology region that allows them to bind to cell receptors and other TRAF proteins, causing the activation of different signal cascades depending on the TRAFs involved. For example, TRAF2 and TRAF3 directly bind to the CD40, a TNF receptor superfamily member involved in inducing B cell immunity, and are critical for NF-kB activation in mouse B lymphocytes. TRAF2 along with TRAF6 has also been shown to be required for CD40 signaling in nonhemopoietic cells. TRAF2 also interacts with the TRFR superfamily member lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTbetaR) in association with TRAF3 and the apoptosis inhibitors cIAP1 and Smac.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) SHP-1 and SHP-2 are critical regulators in the intracellular signaling pathways that result in cell responses such as mitosis, differentiation, migration, survival, transformation or death. SHP-2 is a signal transducer for several receptor tyrosine kinases and cytokine receptors. A novel SHP-2 associated glycoprotein was recently cloned from human, rat, mouse and cattle by several labs and was designated SIRPalpha, SHPS-1, MyD-1, BIT and p84. SIRPalpha is a new gene family containing at least fifteen members. SIRPalpha is a substrate of many activated tyrosine kinases such as insulin receptor, EGFR, PDGFR and src, and a specific docking protein for SHP-2. SIRPalpha has regulatory effects on cellular responses induced by serum, growth factors, insulin, oncogenes, growth hormones and cell adhesion and plays a general role in different physiological and pathological processes.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: CHI Scientific

The PrimaCell™ system has been developed for the acquisition and growth of primary cells from a variety of different tissue types. Each PrimaCell™ kit has been optimized for each cell type to produce 4-7 times the number of primary cells obtained from published literature protocols. Each kit comes with 100 ml of tissue washing medium, our optimized tissue dissociation system OptiTDS™, 500 ml of growth medium, and enough growth supplements and serum to add to the supplied medium. Kits that require a Fibroblast control system also come with our FibrOut™ kit (added to the growth medium) which reduces or eliminates Fibroblast growth after 2-3 cell growth cycles.

Supplier: Ambeed

(S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid hydrochloride, Purity: 98+%, CAS Number: 1119-34-2, Appearance: Form: Crystal - Powder/Colour: White, Storage: Inert atmosphere, Room Temperature, Size: 1000g

Supplier: Genetex

The pocket protein family consists of three structurally and functionally related proteins, Rb, p107, and p130 (1). This family of tumor suppressors function to regulate important cellular transcription factors, such as the E2F family (1,2). The E2F proteins regulate the expression of genes whose products are important for cell cycle progression. The inactivation Rb is catalyzed by CDK phosphorylation thereby releasing E2F during the G1-S phase cellular progression (3). Unchecked inactivation of Rb in G1 phase has been indicated as a universal mechanism underlying cellular transformation (4,5). While Rb has been the most studied among the pocket proteins, p107 and p130 have also been shown to be key regulators of E2F (6). Several studies have also provided evidence that p107/p130 provide different functions in E2F regulation than does Rb (6,7). Rb, p107, and p130 each contain a conserved ?A/B pocket?, which is the target of several viral oncoproteins, namely SV40 large T-antigen and adenovirus E1A (8).

Supplier: Genetex

C Reactive Protein is a major acute phase reactant synthesized primarily in the liver hepatocytes. It is a pentraxin (cyclic pentameric protein) compound of five identical nonglycosylated subunits of 206 amino acids each (m.w. 24 kDa), that are bound noncovalently to form the physiologic CRP molecule (m.w. 117.5 kDa). C Reactive Protein mediates activities associated with preimmune nonspecific host resistance. It is opsonic, an initiator of the classical complement cascade and an activator of monocytes/macrophages. CRP also binds to several nuclear components including chromatin, histones and snRNP, suggesting that it may play a role as a scavenger during cell necrosis. Studies have revealed that among other markers of inflammation, CRP shows the strongest association with cardiovascular events. Many clinical studies demonstrated that coronary mortality among patients with unstable angina and elevated CRP is significantly higher comparing with the patients without elevated CRP. Measurements of C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the patients with ischemic heart disease provide a novel method for detecting individuals at high risk of plaque rapture.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (TOR, also known as mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth and cell cycle through its ability to integrate signals from nutrient levels and growth factors. Rapamycin inhibits TOR activity resulting in reduced cell growth and reduced rates of cell cycle and cell proliferation. Raptor (regulatory associated protein of TOR) is a TOR-binding protein essential for TOR signaling in vivo. It acts as a TOR scaffold protein whose binding by TOR substrates is necessary for effective TOR-catalyzed phosphorylation. These substrates include the ribosomal protein S6 kinase (RP S6K) and the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 4EBP1, proteins necessary for cell growth and proliferation and responsive to nutrient and mitogen levels. Raptor binds these proteins through a common 5 amino acid TOR-signaling (TOS) motif; mutation of this motif prevents the TOR-dependent phosphorylation of these proteins.

Supplier: Prosci

p53 is a nuclear protein which plays an essential role in the regulation of cell cycle specifically in the transition from G0 to G1. It is found in very low levels in normal cells however in a variety of transformed cell lines in high amounts and believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. The open reading frame of p53 is 393 amino acids long, with the central region (consisting of amino acids from about 100 to 300) containing the DNA-binding domain. This proteolysis-resistant core is flanked by a C-terminal end mediating oligomerization and an N-terminal end containing a strong transcription activation signal. p53 binds as a tetramer to a PBS (p53-Binding Site) and activates the expression of downstream genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion. p53 binds as a tetramer to a p53-binding site (PBS) and to activate the expression of adjacent genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion. Deletion of one or both p53 alleles reduces the expression of tetramers, resulting in decreased expression of the growth inhibitory genes

Supplier: Prosci

Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of KRAB target genes. Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression. Recruitment of SETDB1 induces heterochromatinization. May play a role as a coactivator for CEBPB and NR3C1 in the transcriptional activation of ORM1. Also corepressor for ERBB4. Inhibits E2F1 activity by stimulating E2F1-HDAC1 complex formation and inhibiting E2F1 acetylation. May serve as a partial backup to prevent E2F1-mediated apoptosis in the absence of RB1. Important regulator of CDKN1A/p21(CIP1). Has E3 SUMO-protein ligase activity toward itself via its PHD-type zinc finger.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

PTPRF or leukocyte common antigen-related protein (LAR) is a widely expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase with an extracellular receptor region that resembles a cell adhesion molecule. PTPRF removes phosphate group from β-catenin, an event that may subsequently facilitate cell-cell adhesion and ensure the stability of the cadherin complex. This phosphatase has also been implicated in various cellular processes such as neurite growth, nerve regeneration, actin remodeling and regulation of insulin function (1,2,3,4). Anti-PTPRF (C-terminal) antibody is specific for the extracellular and cytoplasmic subunits of human PTPRF (approx. 210, 150 and 85 kDa). Detection of the PTPRF bands by immunoblotting is specifically inhibited by the immunizing peptide. Anti-PTPRF is ideal for researchers interested in Cell adhesion Cadherin-mediated cell adhesion pathways, PAK pathways, insulin resistance and ureterocele.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Histone H3 is one of the five main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. Histone proteins are highly post-translationally modified with Histone H3 being the most extensively modified of the five histones. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 protrudes from the globular nucleosome core and can undergo several different types of post-translational modification that influence cellular processes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Histone H3 Antibody is ideal for investigators involved in Cell Signaling, Epigenetics, Nuclear Signaling research and Signal Transduction research.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The leucine-rich, glioma inactivated gene 4 (LGI4) is a member of the LGI family in which LGI1 is the exemplar. The LGI family consists of four of highly related proteins containing leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) which are highly similar to other transmembrane signaling molecules and receptors. LGI1 has been identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene for glioma and plays a role in autodominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADTLE), an epileptic syndrome characterized by focal seizures with predominant auditory symptoms. Despite its high homology with LGI1 and similar pattern of expression, mutations in LGI4 have not been found to be associated with ADTLE. However, the LGI4 gene is located in a region linked to benign familial infantile convulsions. Further study revealed that a GC-to-AT polymorphism was correlated with childhood absence epilepsy. Other studies showed that decreasing LGI4 expression in cultured cells inhibits myelination, indicating that LGI4 may play a role in neural development.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

NOX1(NADPH OXIDASE 1), also known as NOH1, MOX1 or GP91-2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOX1 gene. It is also a homolog of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, gp91phox. The NOX1 gene is mapped to Xq22.1. NOX1 was expressed in colon, prostate, uterus, and vascular smooth muscle, but not in peripheral blood leukocytes. The deduced 564-amino acid NOX1 protein, which is 58% identical to CYBB, contains 6 membrane-spanning regions, conserved flavin and pyridine nucleotide-binding sites, and histidines possibly involved in heme ligation. Overexpression of MOX1 in NIH 3T3 cells increased superoxide generation and cell growth. Cells expressing MOX1 had a transformed appearance, showed anchorage-independent growth, and produced tumors in athymic mice. Disruption of either Nox1 or Nox2 significantly delayed progression of motor neuron disease in these mice. However, 50% survival rates were enhanced significantly more by Nox2 deletion than Nox1 deletion. This antibody is suitable for researchers interested in epigenetic antibodies and cancer research.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Nicastrin, in addition to presenilin, PEN2, and APH-1 forms the gamma-secretase protein complex, a membrane-bound aspartyl protease that can cleave certain proteins at peptide bonds buried within the hydrophobic environment of the lipid bilayer. This cleavage is responsible for a key step in signaling from several cell-surface receptors and is thought to be required for the generation of the neurotoxic amyloid peptides that are central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Like the tumor necrosis factor-a-converting enzyme (TACE) and the b-site cleavage enzyme (BACE) protease families, gamma-secretase will cleave the amyloid precursor protein (APP), but within the intramembrane region of APP, resulting in either the non-toxic p3 (from the alpha and gamma cleavage site) or the toxic Abeta amyloid peptide (from the beta and gamma cleavage site). It is thought that accumulation of the Abeta peptide is the precursor to Alzheimer's disease. Nicastrin is also thought to be involved in cell proliferation and signaling, especially in regards to activation of Notch receptors as loss of Nicastrin expression results in mouse embryonic lethality.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H3 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in a histone cluster on chromosome 1. This gene is one of four histone genes in the cluster that are duplicated; this record represents the telomeric copy. Anti-Histone H3 are ideal for researchers interested in Chromatin Modifiers, Chromatin Research, Histones and Modified Histones, and Epigenetics Research.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Junctional complexes between the plasma membrane (PM) and endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) are a common feature of all excitable cell types and mediate cross talk between cell surface and intracellular ion channels. Junctophilins (JPs) are important components of the junctional complexes. JPs are composed of a carboxy-terminal hydrophobic segment spanning the ER/SR membrane and a remaining cytoplasmic domain that shows specific affinity for the PM. Four JPs have been identified as tissue-specific subtypes derived from different genes: JPH1 is expressed in skeletal muscle, JPH2 is detected throughout all muscle cell types, and JPH3 and JPH4 are predominantly expressed in the brain. In the CNS, both JPH3 and JPH4 are expressed throughout neural sites and contribute to the subsurface cistern formation in neurons. Mice lacking both JPH3 and JPH4 subtypes exhibit serious symptoms such as impaired learning and memory and are accompanied by abnormal nervous functions.

Supplier: TECNIPLAST USA, INC.

The 1290D Mouse/Rat/Hamster Cage can comfortably house eight mice or four rats of standard size, and is available in polycarbonate or polysulfone materials. Preferred by mice over rats.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

TACE Antibody detects TNF-alpha. Tumor-necrosis factor-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine and contributes to a variety of inflammatory disease responses and programmed cell death. TNF-alpha; is synthesized as a 26K type II membrane-bound precursor that is cleaved by a convertase to generate secreted 17K mature TNF-alpha;. TNF-alpha; converting enzyme (TACE) protein was recently purified and the human and mouse TACE cDNAs were cloned by several groups separately. TACE is a membrane-bound metalloprotease-disintegrin in the family of mammalian ADAM (for a disintegrin and metalloprotease). TACE also processes other cell surface proteins, including TNF receptor, TGFalpha, the L-selectin adhesion molecule, and alpha-cleavage of amyloid protein precursor (APP). TACE mRNA is expressed in a variety of human and murine tissues. TACE was selected as one of the few targets in cytokine activation by the Eighth International Conference of the Inflammation Research Association. Anti-TACE antibodies are ideal for investigators involved in Apoptosis and Cytokines and Growth factor research.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.