1105 Results for: "protein purification system"

Supplier: Proteintech

UGT8, also known as galacotosylceramide synthase or CGT (ceramide galactosyltransferase), is a key enzyme for galacotosylceramide (GalCer) biosynthesis. It is an ER transmembrane protein and has limited tissue distribution, with predominance in Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, kidneys, testes, and intestine. UGT8 is highly enriched in myelin in the central nervous system. Its expression levels are strongly associated with histological typing in human oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas; can be used as molecular marker to distinguish these tumors. Higher UGT8 levels had also been linked to metastatic properties of cancer cells. This antibody specifically recognizes the endogenous UGT8.

Supplier: Proteintech

LTF(Lactotransferrin) is also named as GIG12, LF and belongs to the transferrin family. It is an iron binding transport protein which can bind two atoms of ferric iron in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate. LTF is also an important protein component of the innate immune system that is broadly distributed within the body fluids. It can contribute to the activation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses by promoting the recruitment of leukocytes and activation of dendritic cells. This protein has 2 isoforms produced by alternative promoter usage. The human LTF can be isolated two fragments, an N-terminal tryptic fragment having an Mr of 30 kDa and a C-terminal tryptic fragment having an Mr of 50 kDa by a mild tryptic digest.

Supplier: Proteintech

Crumbs is an apical transmembrane protein crucial for epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. Three isoforms of mammalian Crumbs have been identified, and two have been characterized. Crumbs1 (CRB1) is expressed primarily in the central nervous system, whereas Crumbs3 (CRB3) is mainly expressed in epithelial tissues and skeletal muscles. CRB3 is an N-glycosylated, small transmembrane protein. CRB3 has a conserved cytoplasmic domain containing the two motives GTY and ERLI found in Crumbs, but exhibits a very short extracellular domain without the EGF- and laminin A-like G repeats present in the other Crumbs. Through its cytoplasmic domain and its interactors (e.g., Pals1 and Par6), CRB3 plays a role in apical membrane morphogenesis and tight junction regulation.

Supplier: Proteintech

ABCD1 (also known as ALDP) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily which functions as transporter for a wide variety of substrates. It localizes to the peroxisomal membrane. The exact function is not clear so far. Various mutations of ABCD1 cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), an inherited neurodegenerative disease affecting the nervous system white matter and adrenal cortex.

Supplier: Proteintech

CPT1C, also named as CATL1, CPTI-B and B-CPTI, belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) deficiencies are common disorders of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The CPT system is made up of two separate proteins located in the outer (CPT1) and inner (CPT2) mitochondrial membranes. CPT1C is an active forms of related brain-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. CPT1C may be a regulated target of malonyl-CoA that relays the “malonyl-CoA signal” in hypothalamic neurons that express the orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides that regulate food intake and peripheral energy expenditure. This antibody can bind the close sequences genes.

Supplier: Proteintech

ABCD1 (also known as ALDP) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily which functions as transporter for a wide variety of substrates. It localizes to the peroxisomal membrane. The exact function is not clear so far. Various mutations of ABCD1 cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), an inherited neurodegenerative disease affecting the nervous system white matter and adrenal cortex.

Supplier: Proteintech

ATXN3, which has deubiquitinase activity and act as a component of the ubiquitin proteasome system, plays a role in transcriptional regulation and neuroprotection. ATXN3 interacts with RAD23, HHR23A and HHR23B, involves in the pathology of MJD. ATXN3 is a mixed-linkage, chain-editing enzyme and that the UIM region of ATXN3 regulates its substrate specificity. Contains an N-terminal deubiquitinating domain, called the Josephin domain, followed by 2 ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs) and a polyQ tract near the C terminus. ATXN3 can be phosphorylated in a protein casein kinase-2-dependent manner, thus the MW would be larger than the predicted one.

Supplier: Proteintech

CROT, also named as COT, belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. It is a beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The highest activity concerns the C6 to C10 chain length substrate. CROT converts the end product of pristanic acid beta oxidation, 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA, to its corresponding carnitine ester. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) deficiencies are common disorders of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The CPT system is made up of two separate proteins located in the outer (CPT1) and inner (CPT2) mitochondrial membranes. CROT is an active forms for carnitine octanoyltransferase. This antibody can bind the close sequences genes.

Supplier: Bioss

Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). Plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility via deacetylation of tubulin. Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins: when misfolded proteins are too abundant to be degraded by the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome, mediates the transport of misfolded proteins to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called aggresome. Probably acts as an adapter that recognizes polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and target them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy.

Supplier: Proteintech

Human SerpinA3, also known as Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (AACT), is a member of the serine protease inhibitor class, and is a plasma alpha globulin glycoprotein which increases in the blood during the inflammatory process. SerpinA3, is also an inhibitor of neutrophil cathepsin G, mast cell chymases and pancreatic chymotrypsin. SerpinA3 is produced primarily in the liver, and is identified as an acute-phase inflammatory protein. SerpinA3 deficiency has been associated with liver disease. SerpinA3 has also been implicated in the pathology of a number of devastating human diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Stroke, Cystic Fibrosis, Cerebral Haemorrhage and Multiple System Atrophy.

Supplier: Proteintech

Paired receptors consist of highly related activating and inhibitory receptors and are widely involved in the regulation of the immune system. Paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRα) and PILRβ are paired receptors bearing highly similar extracellular ligand-binding domains but divergent intracellular signaling domains. PILRα is the immune inhibitory receptor possessing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in its cytoplasmic domain enabling it to deliver inhibitory signals. Binding of PILRα to its ligand CD99 is involved in immune regulation. PILRα can also recognize other ligands, PILR-associating neural protein (PANP), and HSV-1 glycoprotein B (HSV-1 gB).

Supplier: Proteintech

alpha-2-macroglobulin, also known as α2-macroglobulin (α2M or A2M), is a protein abundant in the plasma of vertebrates and several invertebrates. A2M is an evolutionarily conserved arm of the innate immune system. It also mediates the proliferation of T cells and macrophages. A2M acts as a nonspecific protease inhibitor involved in the host defense mechanism that inactivates both endogenous and exogenous proteases, including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. Even though A2M is produced predominantly by the liver, it may also be expressed in the reproductive tract, heart, and brain, and may have important roles in many physiological processes and medical illnesses including Alzheimer’s disease.

Supplier: Proteintech

Ubiquitin is an important cellular signal that targets proteins for degradation or regulates their functions. UBL7 (ORF name SB132) encodes ubiquitin-like protein7 also named bone marrow stromal cell ubiquitin-like protein (BMSC-UbP) capable of binding ubiquitin. BMSC-UbP protein is derived from bone marrow stromal cells containing a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain at the C terminus that has been implicated in linking cellular processes and the ubiquitin system. BMSC-UbP mRNA is widely expressed in human multiple tissues and various tumor cell lines and is decreased in BMSC stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) suggesting a role in regulation of BMSC function.

Supplier: Proteintech

PLSCR4 (Phospholipid scramblase 4) belongs to the phospholipid scramblase family which is thought to mediate the loss of lipid asymmetry. Elimination of this lipid bilayer asymmetry is an important physiological process and appears to occur as a result of elevated intracellular calcium concentration, or occur with cell activation, injury, and apoptosis.PLSCR4 also plays a central role in the initiation of fibrin clot formation, in the activation of mast cells and in the recognition of apoptotic and injured cells by the reticuloendothelial system.

Supplier: Proteintech

PAX6, a paired domain and homeodomain-containing transcription factor. Interaction with TRIM11 leads to ubiquitination of PAX6 and its proteasomal degradation. PAX6 is one of the earliest genes expressed in the eye field and considered a master control gene for retinal and eye development. PAX6 also regulates the development of the olfactory, central nervous systems, pituitary, and pancreas. PAX6 mutations can cause complex ocular disorders such as aniridia and Peter's anomaly.

Supplier: Proteintech

The serine-threonine protein kinase AKT1 is catalytically inactive in serum-starved primary and immortalized fibroblasts. AKT1 and the related AKT2 are activated by platelet-derived growth factor. The activation is rapid and specific, and it is abrogated by mutations in the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT1. It was shown that the activation occurs through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. In the developing nervous system AKT is a critical mediator of growth factor-induced neuronal survival. Survival factors can suppress apoptosis in a transcription-independent manner by activating the serine/threonine kinase AKT1, which then phosphorylates and inactivates components of the apoptotic machinery.

Supplier: Proteintech

ATP6V1D is also named as ATP6M, VATD(V-type proton ATPase subunit D) and belongs to the V-ATPase D subunit family. ATP6V1D gene has been under strong negative selection during evolution and is highly conserved among mammals, flies, worms, yeast, plants, and bacteria. It is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells, thus providing most of the energy required for transport processes in the vacuolar system.

Supplier: Proteintech

RB3 (Stathmin-4), encoded by STMN4 gene, is a neuron-specific homologue of the SCG10/stathmin family proteins, possessing a unique N-terminal membrane-associated domain and the stathmin-like domain at the C terminus, which promotes microtubule (MT) catastrophe and/or tubulin sequestering. Stathmin is a ubiquitous cytosolic phosphoprotein, preferentially expressed in the nervous system, and described as a relay integrating diverse intracellular signaling pathways. RB3 is consistently up-regulated in differentiated neuroblastoma cells, and stable expression of transfected RB3 could induce differentiation, suggesting a role of RB3 during neuroblastoma differentiation. Moreover, increased RB3 is a unique response protein in the stathmin-related proteins following optical nerve axotomy and RB3 may be a critical target for neurodegenerative diseases.

Supplier: Proteintech

MKS1 (Meckel syndrome type 1 protein) is a 559-amino acid protein that contains a conserved B9 domain. It is a component of a large protein complex which localizes to the ciliary transition zone and regulates mammalian ciliogenesis and ciliary membrane composition . MKS1 is required for ciliary structure and function, and is involved in centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis . Broad tissue expression of the MKS1 gene has been reported . Defects in MKS1 are the cause of Meckel syndrome type 1 (MKS1), an autosomal recessive lethal malformation syndrome characterized by renal cystic dysplasia, central nervous system malformations, and hepatic developmental defects . In addition, defects in MKS1 are also the cause of Bardet-Biedl syndrome type 13 (BBS13) .

Supplier: Bioss

LMBR1 is a 490 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that is widely expressed with strongest expression in heart and pancreas. Belonging to the LIMR family, LMBR1 shares 95% sequence identity with the mouse protein and may play crucial role in the evolution of limb and skeletal system. LMBR1 is critical for expression of sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the developing posterior limb bud mesenchyme. Mutations in the gene encoding LMBR1 is the cause of several rare conditions such as acheiropody (ACHP) and syndactyly type 4 (SDYT4). ACHP is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by bilateral congenital amputations of the hands and feet. LMBR1L (limb region 1 protein homolog-like), also known as LIMR (Lipocalin-1-interacting membrane receptor), is a 489 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that is thought to act as a receptor for Lipocalin-1 and may also assist in its endocytosis.

Supplier: Proteintech

The CD40 ligand (CD40L, TRAP, CD154), a member of the TNF superfamily of ligands, is expressed as either a 33-kd transmembrane homologue or 18-kd soluble form (sCD154). CD40L is primarily expressed on activated CD4+ T cells and on a small proportion of CD8+ T cells and platelets. It binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. Recent studies have suggested that CD40/CD40L interactions regulate oxidative stress and affect various signaling pathways in both the immunological and the cardiovascular systems. The CD40/CD40L system is also involved in tumorigenesis.

Supplier: Proteintech

Complement factor H (CFH) is an abundant plasma glycoprotein that regulates the function of the alternative complement pathway in fluid phase and on cellular surfaces . Factor H binds to C3b, accelerates the decay of the alternative pathway C3-convertase (C3bBb) and acts as a cofactor for the factor I-mediated proteolytic inactivation of C3b . It plays a critical role in the homeostasis of the complement system in plasma and in the protection of bystander host cells and tissues from damage by complement activation. Abnormalities in factor H have been associated with renal disease .

Supplier: Proteintech

PRDX2, also named as TSA, PRP, NKEFB and TDPX1, belongs to the ahpC/TSA family. It is known to act as an antioxidant enzyme whose main function is H2O2 reduction in cells. PRDX2 is involved in redox regulation of the cell. It reduces peroxides with reducing equivalents provided through the thioredoxin system. It may play an important role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism. PRDX2 might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H2O2. PRDX2 actions may be related to the expression of NFKB and IKB.

Supplier: Proteintech

Serotransferrin(TF) is a 77 kDa secreted protein which is also named as transferrin, siderophilin, beta-1 metal-binding globulin and belongs to a family of homologous iron-binding glycoproteins that encompasses lactoferrin (found both intracellular and in secretions, including milk), melanotrasferrin (present on melanoma cells) and ovotransferrin (present in egg white). TF is a multi-function protein with a primary role in transporting iron in a safe, redox-inactive state from absorption to utilization or storage sites around the body. The association of Tf with the immune system derives from its ability to restrict serum free-iron levels, creating low-iron environments where the infection capacity of pathogenic microorganisms is limited. TF is expressed predominantly in the liver and secreted in plasma, but lower amounts can be synthesized in other tissues such as the brain and the testis

Supplier: Proteintech

MPZ (myelin protein zero), also known as P0, a transmembrane glycoprotein (~30 kDa), is a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family. Synthesized by myelin-forming Schwann cells, MPZ is the major structural protein component of myelin in the peripheral nervous system. It is involved in formation and maintenance of compact myelin, and plays a role in the creation of an extracellular membrane face which guides the wrapping process and ultimately compacts adjacent lamellae. More than 120 mutations detected in the gene of MPZ cause various forms of hereditary neuropathy, which include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B (CMT1B), CMT2, Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS), and congenital hypomyelination neuropathy (CHN). This antibody can recognize endogenous MPZ, and can be used as a marker of myelinating Schwann cells.

Supplier: Proteintech

UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) is a member of the mitochondrial carrier protein super family located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The UCPs differ greatly in tissue distribution: UCP1 is expressed only in brown adipose; UCP3 preferentially in skeletal muscle, brown adipose and heart; UCP4 and UCP5 mainly in the nervous system (18167556). In contract, UCP2 has a broad distribution and is implicated in a wide range of pathophysiological processes, including diabetes and cancer. This antibody detect a band around 28-33 kDa corresponding to UCP2 protein in mouse liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Some upper and lower bands also were observed due to the dimer formation and degradation of the UCP2 protein (20103532). This antibody was raised against the full-length UCP2 protein and may cross-react with UCP3. It is notable that UCP2 is known to have a very short half-life less than 1 hour (17240372). It is strongly recommended that fresh-made lyate be used for western blot assays.

Supplier: Proteintech

PAX3, a transcription factor and multifunctional regulatory protein, is normally expressed during embryonic development. In the nervous system, PAX3 is involved in neural tube closure, neural crest development, and peripheral neuron differentiation. In the present study, PAX3 was reported as a novel regulator of GFAP transcription, and the overexpression and suppression of PAX3 could inhibit and promote NSC differentiation, respectively. In muscle development, PAX3 ensures the survival of myogenic progenitor cells with Pax3-expressing progenitors giving rise to both skeletal and smooth muscle cells. PAX3 also has a well-established role in the development of melanocytes during embryogenesis, and has recently been characterized as a molecular switch in the mature melanocyte. Mutations in PAX3 can cause Waardenburg syndrome.

Supplier: Proteintech

The SIX proteins (sine oculis) are a family of homeodomain transcription factors that share a conserved DNA binding domain. Six members (Six1-Six6) of the Six gene family have been identified in mice and humans. SIX2, containing one homeobox DNA-binding domain, is highly expressed in fetal tissues but expression is limited in adult tissues. SIX2 may be involved in limb tendon and ligament development. It has been previously shown that SIX2 is expressed in developing mesenchymal tissue including head and urogenital system at the time of overt midfacial and renal differentiation. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against full length SIX2 of human origin.

Supplier: Proteintech

S1PR1 (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1), also known as as S1P1 or EDG1, is one of five G-protein-coupled receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a biologically active metabolite of sphingolipid . S1P1 and its receptors have important regulatory functions in normal physiology and disease processes, particularly involving the immune, central nervous, and cardiovascular systems . S1PR1 is widely expressed on various cell types, including endothelial cells and lymphocytes . S1P-S1PR1 plays a major role in lymphocyte egress and chemotaxis, cell proliferation and survival and tumor angiogenesis and metastasis . The antibody is specific to S1PR1.

Supplier: Proteintech

COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an ess ential regulator of the ubiquitin conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. CSN4 gene encodes a component of CSN complex, COP9 signalosome complex subunit 4 (COPS4). The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a major role in the rhythmic accumulation and turnover of molecular clock components. A recent study in Drosophila indicates that CSN lie in a common pathway leading to light-dependent degradation of clock protein Timeless (TIM).