55692 Results for: "DuPont™ Tychem® 10000 FR"

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Eph receptors, the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and their ephrin ligands are important mediators of cell-cell communication regulating cell attachment, shape, and mobility of neuronal and endothelial cells in central nervous system function and in development. Eph receptors can be divided into two subgroups: EphA and EphB. In mammals, the EphA class consists of eight members (EphA 1-7 and 10) that in general bind to ephrin-A members linked to the cell membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage. The EphB class consists of six members (EphB 1-6) that in general bind ephrin-B members that transverse the cell membrane. The Ephrin / EPH signaling pathway networks with the WNT signaling pathway during embryogenesis, tissue regeneration, and carcinogenesis. Recent studies show that Eph/EFN might be relevant in normal B-cell biology and could represent new potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for CLL.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor and an essential mediator of gene expression during activation of immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kB mediates the expression of a great variety of genes in response to extracellular stimuli. NF-kB associates with IkB proteins in the cell cytoplasm, which inhibit NF-kB activity. IkB is phosphorylated by IkB kinase (IKK) complex that contains IKKa, IKKb, and IKKgamma. A novel molecule that associates with and activates IKK was recently identified and designated CIKS (for connection to IKK and SAPK/JNK) and Act1 (for NF-kB activator 1). CIKS directly interacts with IKKgamma. CIKS/Act1 also activates activating transcription factor (ATF) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) through Jun kinase (JNK). These results indicate that CIKS/Act1 is involved in the inflammation and stress responses. CIKS/Act1 is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Apoptosis is related to many diseases and induced by a family of cell death receptors and their ligands. Cell death signals are transduced by death domain (DD)- containing adapter molecules and members of the ICE/CED-3 protease family. A novel ICE/CED-3 protease was identified recently, designated FLICE2 and Mch4 and renamed as caspase-10. Caspase-10 has two death effector domains (DEDs) that bind to the DED in the adapter molecule FADD and recruits both TNFR1 and CD95 to form complexes with these receptors. Caspase-10 is therefore involved in the CD95 and TNFR1 induced apoptosis. Caspase-10 cleaves and activates caspase-3, -4, -6, -7, -8 and -9, which causes the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins such as PARP. Cleavage of PARP occurs in many different systems during apoptosis and is the hallmark of programmed cell death. Caspase-10 is expressed in many tissues and cell lines.

Supplier: Genetex

Anionic trypsinogen antibody Brain trypsinogen antibody Cationic Trypsinogen antibody Digestive Zymogen antibody Mesotrypsin antibody Mesotrypsinogen antibody MGC111183 antibody MGC120174 antibody MGC120175 antibody MTG antibody Nonfunctional Trypsin 1 antibody Protease Serine 1 antibody Protease Serine 1 Preproprotein antibody Protease serine 2 antibody Protease serine 3 antibody PRSS 1 antibody PRSS 2 antibody PRSS 3 antibody PRSS1 antibody PRSS1 protein antibody PRSS2 antibody PRSS2 protein antibody PRSS3 antibody PRSS4 antibody Serine Protease 1 antibody TRP1 antibody TRY1 antibody TRY2 antibody TRY3 antibody TRY4 antibody TRY8 antibody TRYP1 antibody TRYP2 antibody Trypsin 1 antibody Trypsin 2 antibody Trypsin 3 antibody Trypsin I antibody Trypsin II antibody Trypsin III antibody Trypsin IV antibody Trypsin1 antibody Trypsin2 antibody Trypsin3 antibody Trypsinogen 1 antibody Trypsinogen 2 antibody Trypsinogen 3 antibody Trypsinogen 8 antibody Trypsinogen A antibody Trypsinogen E antibody

Supplier: Proteintech

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyzes the phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate during glycolysis. GAPDH participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA binding, RNA transportation, DNA replication, DNA repair and apoptosis. Being stably and constitutively expressed at high levels in most tissues and cells, GAPDH is considered a housekeeping protein. It was widely used as a control for RT-PCR and also loading control in electrophoresis and Western blotting. GAPDH is normally expressed in cellular cytoplasm or membrane, but can occasionally translocated to the nucleus post modification such as S-nitrosylation. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against full-length GAPDH of human origin. It can recognize the 36kDa GAPDH protein in most cells/tissues. Please note that some physiological factors, such as hypoxia and diabetes, increase GAPDH expression in certain cell types.

Supplier: Proteintech

CDC6, also named as CDC18L and HsCDC18, belongs to the CDC6/cdc18 family. It is involved in the initiation of DNA replication and functions as a regulator at the early steps of DNA replication. The active Cdc6 functioning as a dimer at replication origins (10793143,15096526). It also participates in checkpoint controls that ensure DNA replication is completed before mitosis is initiated. It localizes in cell nucleus during cell cyle G1, but translocates to the cytoplasm at the start of S phase. The subcellular translocation of this protein during cell cyle is regulated through its phosphorylation by Cdks. Defects in CDC6 are the cause of Meier-Gorlin syndrome type 5 (MGORS5). MGORS5 is a syndrome characterized by bilateral microtia, aplasia/hypoplasia of the patellae, and severe intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation with short stature and poor weight gain. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against residues near the C terminus of human CDC6.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The FERM and PDZ domain containing (FRMPD) protein family consists of four proteins that contain a FERM (Four-point-one, erzin, radixin, moesin) domain and at least one PDZ (PSD-95/Discs large/Zonula-occuldens-1) domain. FRMPD2 also contains an N-terminal KIND domain and three PDZ domains and is structurally similar to the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-BL. FRMPD2 is localized in a polarized fashion in epithelial cells at the basolateral membrane and partially co-localizes with the tight-junction marker protein Zonula-occuldens-1. Suppression of FRMPD2 expression via RNAi in Caco-2 cells results in an impairment of tight junction formation, indicating that FRMPD2 plays a major role in tight junction formation. Other experiments indicate that FRMPD2 is a binding partner to several catenin family members and recruitment of FRMPD2 to cell-cell contacts is dependent on E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and related virus require coreceptors to infect target cells. Some G protein-coupled receptors including CCR5, CXCR4, CCR3, CCR2b, CCR8, GPR15, STRL33, and CX3CR1 in the chemokine receptor family were recently identified as HIV coreceptors. CCR5, CXCR4 and CCR3 are the principal receptors for HIV fusion and entry of target cells. CCR3 facilitates infection by a subset of virus. CCR3 and CCR5 promote efficient infection of microglia, the major target cells in the CNS. High levels of CCR3 and CXCR4 expression were found on the neurons from both the central and peripheral nervous systems. The CCR3 ligand, eotaxin, and an anti-CCR3 antibody inhibited HIV infection of microglia. These results indicate CCR3 plays an important role in HIV infection of CNS.

Supplier: Prosci

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt; pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor; PBEF; Visfatin) is an 52kDa adipokine secreted by adipose tissue and involved in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Two forms of Nampt exist, an intracellular form (iNampt) and an extracellular form (eNampt). While the function of iNampt as an essential and rate-limiting NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme is well established, the physiological role of eNampt is still a matter of debate. Nampt has various functions, including the promotion of vascular smooth muscle cell maturation and inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis. It activates insulin receptor and has insulin-mimetic effects, lowering blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity. The protein is highly expressed in visceral fat and serum levels of the protein correlate with obesity.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The CDKN2A locus gives rise to 2 distinct transcripts from different promoters. The transcripts have been designated p16(INK4A) and p14(ARF). This chromosomal region undergoes a number of inversions, translocations, heterozygous deletions, and homozygous deletions in a variety of malignant cell lines including those from glioma, non-small cell lung cancer, leukemia, and melanoma. Deletion of the region containing CDKN2A is found in more than half of all melanoma cell lines. Conversely, transfection of CDKN2A suppressed the growth of two independent mesothelioma cell lines, suggesting that inactivation of the CDKN2 gene is an essential step in the etiology of malignant mesotheliomas. CDKN2A induces a G1 cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the Rb protein by the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. CDKN2A is expressed as at least three distinct isoforms.

Supplier: Prosci

RET (ret proto-oncogene) is a member of the cadherin superfamily and a receptor tyrosine kinase, which are cell-surface molecules that transduce signals for cell growth and differentiation. It can undergo oncogenic activation in vivo and in vitro by cytogenetic rearrangement. Ligands that bind the Ret receptor include the glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor (GDNF) and its congeners neurturin, persephin and artemin. Alterations in the corresponding Ret gene are associated with diseases including papillary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia (type 2A and 2B), familial medullary thyroid carcinoma and a congenital developmental disorder known as Hirschsprung’s disease. The Tyr905 residue located in the Ret kinase domain plays a crucial role in Ret catalytic and biological activity. Substitution of Phe for Tyr905 dramatically inhibits Ret autophosphorylation activity.

Supplier: Prosci

MSH2 is a 100 kDa nuclear antigen and encodes a protein of 934 amino acids. The MSH2 gene is one of 4 known genes encoding proteins involved in the repair of mismatch nucleotides following DNA replication or repair. Mutations in the MSH2 gene contribute to the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma. MSHS mutations are responsible for 50% of inherited non-polyposis colorectal (HNPCC). The repair of mismatch DNA is essential to maintaining the integrity of genetic information over time. An alteration of microsatellite repeats is the result of slippage owing to strand misalignment during DNA replication and is referred to as microsatellite instability (MSI). These defects in DNA repair pathways have been related to human carcinogenesis. MSH-2 is involved in the initial cognition of mismatch nucleotides during the replication mismatch repair process.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Apoptosis is mediated by death domain containing adapter molecules and a caspase family of proteases. Certain serine/threonine protein kinases, such as RIP and DAP kinase, are mediators of apoptosis. DAP kinase (DAPK) is pro-apoptotic calcium-regulated serine/threonine kinase containing death domain. Ectopic expression of DAPK induces cell death and suppresses oncogenic transformation. DAPK mediates IFN-gamma induced apoptosis. A novel DAP kinase-related protein was recently identified and designated DAPK2 and DRP-1. Ectopicly expressed DAPK2 induced apoptosis in various types of cells. DAPK has high sequence homology to ZIP kinase and DRAK1/2, and they represent a novel family of serine/threonine kinases, which mediates apoptosis through their catalytic activities. The messenger RNA of DAPK2 is expressed in multiple human tissues.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Intermediate filaments (IFs) are a structurally related family of cellular proteins that appear to be intimately involved with the cytoskeleton. Human keratin 18(KRT18) and the homologous mouse Endo B are type I IF protein subunits whose expression is restricted in adults to a variety of simple epithelial tissues. The KRT18 gene is 3,791 bp long and the keratin 18 protein is coded for by 7 exons. The K18 gene is 3791 bp in length and the K18 protein is coded for by seven exons. By Southern blotting using the genomic DNA PCR product, the gene for keratin 18 is assigned to chromosome 12. Mutation of human keratin 18 in association with cryptogenic cirrhosis. This antibody is suitable for researchers interested in cancer research, cardiovascular diseases, and cytoskeletal signaling research.

Supplier: Prosci

CIB1(also designated calcium and integrin binding 1 or calmyrin),with 191-amino acid protein(about 21 kDa), belongs to the calcium-binding protein family.CIB1 is known to interact with DNA-dependent protein kinase and may play a role in kinase-phosphatase regulation of DNA end joining.CIB1 is an EF-hand-containing protein that binds multiple effector proteins, including the platelet alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin and several serine/threonine kinases and potentially modulates their function.CIB1 regulates platelet aggregation in hemostasis through a specific interaction with the alpha(IIb) cytoplasmic domain of platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta. CIB1 is also ubiquitously expressed activating and inhibiting protein ligand of the InsP3R.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Dendritic cells (DCs) that control immune responses were recently found to capture and transport HIV from the mucosal area to remote lymph nodes, where DCs hand over HIV to CD4+ T lymphocytes. DCs also amplify the amount of virus and extend the duration of viral infectivity. Multiple strains of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV bind to DCs via DC-SIGN. ICAM-3 is the natural ligand for DC-SIGN. A DC-SIGN homologue (termed DC-SIGNR, L-SIGN, and DC-SIGN2) was identified recently. DC-SIGN forms a novel gene family with DC-SIGNR and many alternatively spliced isoforms of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. The expression of DC-SIGN was found in mucosal tissues including placenta, small intestine, and rectum.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

FXYD7 is a member of a family of small membrane proteins that share a 35-amino acid signature sequence domain, beginning with the sequence PFXYD and containing seven invariant and six highly conserved amino acids. The FXYD proteins are tissue-specific regulators of Na, K-ATPase, with FXYD7 initially identified as a brain-specific member. FXYD7 interacts with Na, K-ATPase through its transmembrane domain and is thought to influence the affinity of Na, K-ATPase for external K+ and Na+ ions. Other members of the FXDY family have similar functions: FXYD2 regulates the properties of Na, K-ATPase, while FXYD1 (phospholemman), FXYD3 (MAT-8), FXYD4 (CHIF), and FXYD5 (RIC) have been shown to induce channel activity in experimental expression systems.

Supplier: Prosci

4E-BP1(eukaryotic translation Initiation Factor 4E Binding Protein 1),also called ELF4EBP1/BP-1/PHAS-I ,which is located on chromosome 8p12, with 118-amino acid protein (about 13 kDa). Binding of eIF4EBP1 to eIF4E is reversible and is dependent on the phosphorylation status of eIF4EBP1. Non phosphorylated eIF4EBP1 will bind strongly to eIF4E while(24 kDa), the phosphorylated form will not. Akt, TOR, MAP kinase, S6 kinase, and Cdc2 are known kinases capable of inactivating eIF4EBP1 binding to eIF4E by phosphorylating either threonines 35, 45, 69 or serine 64. Although, not all phosphorylation events equally block the eIF4EBP1-eIF4E interaction.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Sphingolipids are hydrolyzed by ceramidases to yield sphingosine and fatty acids. These ceramidases are classified according to the pH range that supports their optimal activity. ASAH1 is an acid ceramidase and key regulator of ceramide metabolism. Mutations in this gene results in Farber Lipogranulomatosis, a fatal human genetic disorder that results in the painful swelling of the joints and tendons and pulminary insufficiency, while a complete knockout of its expression is lethal in mice. Recent studies have shown elevated levels of ASAH1 in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients correlating with a reduction in sphingomyelin and elevation of ceramide. Pretreatment of cultured neurons with recombinant AHAH1 prevented the cells from undergoing A-beta (Ab)-induced apoptosis. Multiple isoforms of this protein are known to exist.

Supplier: Prosci

AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.

Supplier: Prosci

BNP (brain natriuretic peptide) belongs to a family of structurally similar peptide hormones, which includes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), BNP, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and urodilatin. ANP and BNP act mainly as cardiac hormones, produced primarily by the atrium and ventricle, respectively, while the gene encoding C-type natriuretic peptide is expressed mainly in the brain. BNP circulates in blood as a peptide hormone with natriuretic, vasodilatory and renin inhibitory properties. It is secreted predominantly by the left ventricular myocytes in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. These peptides are characterized by a common 17 amino acid ring structure with a disulfide bond between two cystein residues. This ring structure shows high homology between different natriuretic.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Aipl1 was initially identified as a protein implicated in Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), an autosomal recessive disorder thought to be caused by the abnormal development of photoreceptors. Aipl1 is a tetratricopeptide repeat protein that is highly homologous to ARA9, a protein involved in the HSP90-mediated nuclear translocation and transactivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Aipl1 has also been found to function as part of a chaperone heterocomplex, interacting with Hsp90 and Hsp70. Aipl1 also associates with the cell cycle regulator NUB1. It is thought that Aipl1 cooperates with Hsp70 but not Hsp90 to suppress the formation of NUB1 inclusions, and these interactions are necessary in the normal photoreceptor maturation, as mutations that lead to LCA also compromise the interactions with the Hsp chaperones. At least three isoforms of Aipl1 are known to exist.

Supplier: Proteintech

CaMKII gamma, also named as CAMKG, belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family and CaMK subfamily. CAMK2 is a prominent kinase in the central nervous system that may function in long-term potentiation and neurotransmitter release. CAMK2G has been shown to be expressed in human beta cells as a candidate gene for Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Some study can be used to assess the role of CAMK2G in the susceptibility to Type II diabetes. This antibody can recognize all the 9 isoforms of CAMK2G. So the band in WB is from 50-65kd. This antibody can bind all the CAMK2s for the close sequences.

Supplier: Prosci

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha belongs to the Ser/Thr family of protein kinases, Cdc2/cdkx subfamily，GSK3 subsubfamily. It is implicated in the hormonal control of several regulatory proteins including glycogen synthase, myb, and the transcription factor c jun. GSK3 phosphorylates glycogen synthase and thereby inactivates it. Insulin stimulates the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase at the sites phosphorylated by GSK3 and subsequently inhibits GSK3 acutely leading to the stimulation of glycogen synthesis. GSK3 signaling is performed by two isoforms, GSK3 alpha and GSK3 beta. The two isoforms share 97% sequence similarity within their catalytic domains. GSK3 has also been shown to play a role in protein synthesis, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, microtubule dynamics and cell motility.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Cell cycle regulated protein ubiquitination and degradation within subcellular domains is thought to be essential for the normal progression of mitosis. APC8 is a highly conserved component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. APC/C is responsible for degrading anaphase inhibitors, mitotic cyclins, and spindle-associated proteins ensuring that events of mitosis take place in proper sequence. The individual APC/C components mRNA and protein levels are expressed at approximately the same levels in most tissues and cell lines, suggesting that they perform their functions as part of a complex. In Drosophila, silencing of APC8 results in developmental delay and pupal lethality with elevated levels of apoptosis, high mitotic index, and delayed or blocked mitosis.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells and is caused by the activation of proteolytic enzymes termed caspases. Proteins that comprise the Bcl-2 family such as Bax appear to control the activation of these enzymes. Bax activity was found to be regulated by its association with Bax-interacting factor 1 (BIF), a member of the endophilin B family that is associated with intracellular membranes. Following this interaction, Bax undergoes a conformational change and translocates to mitochondrial membranes. The Bax/BIF interaction appears to be enhanced by apoptotic stimuli, suggesting that BIF acts as the trigger to activate Bax, and as suppression of BIF promoted HeLa cell colony formation in soft agar, it may have a role in the suppression of cancer progression. At least two isoforms of BIF are known to exist.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

ATP2C2, also known as secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+-ATPase (SPCA) 2, belongs to the family of P-type cation transport ATPases. This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of the calcium from the cytosol to the Golgi lumen. Defects in the related gene ATP2C1 cause Hailey-Hailey disease, for which ATP2C2 does not compensate, suggesting that ATP2C2 plays other physiological roles. Unlike ATP2C1, ATP2C2 has a much more restricted expression pattern and displays a higher maximal turnover rate for overall Ca2+-ATPase reaction and a lower apparent affinity for cytosolic Ca2+ activation of phosphorylation. Overexpression of ATP2C2 in mammary tumors result a Ca2+ influx via the store-operated Ca2+ channel ORAI1 and independent of the STIM1 and STIM2 sensors.

Supplier: Prosci

AURKB (aurora kinase B, AIK2 or aurora-B), with 344-amino acid protein(about 39 kDa),localizes to microtubules near kinetochores, specifically to the specialized microtubules called K-fibers. AURKB is a mitotic protein kinase, which phosphorylates histone H3 and regulates Chromosomal segregation during mitosis and meiosis.It may regulates several stages of mitosis such as centrosome separation, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis.Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. ARK-2 transcripts arepresent at high levels in human thymus and fetal liver.ARK-2 protein levels are maximal during both S and G2/M phases

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that can be divided into the apoptotic and inflammatory caspase subfamilies. Unlike the apoptotic caspases, members of the inflammatory subfamily are generally not involved in cell death but are associated with the immune response to microbial pathogens. The apoptotic subfamily can be further divided into initiator caspases, which are activated in response to death signals, and executioner caspases, which are activated by the initiator caspases and are responsible for cleavage of cellular substrates that ultimately lead to cell death. Caspase-7 is an executioner caspase that was identified based on its homology with caspases 1 and 3, as well as the C. elegans cell death protein CED-3. Alternative splicing of Caspase-7 mRNA results in the production of 3 distinct isoforms. Caspase-7 activity can be directly inhibited by XIAP expression.

Supplier: Antyila Scientific

Smart sensor heads retain calibration and sensor information to optimize time and efficiency.